William w



(No Model.)

W. W. JACQUES.

TELEPHONE TRANSMITTER.

No. 262,784. Patented Aug. 15, 1882.

B 16' In Z 3% N. PETERS. Pnmo-Limn n hw. walhin wn. D. c.

UNITED STATES To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM \V. JACQUES, of Boston, in the county ofSuffolk and State of Massachusetts have invented certain Improvements inTelephone Transmitters, of

which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to telephones which are vitalized by a battery orother suitable source of electricity, and which operate to throw the [0electric force into undulations corresponding to the sound-wavesrepresenting articulate speech or other sounds by varying the resistanceof the battery-circuit, these instruments being comprised under thenames of telephone-transmitters or variable resistance telephones.

The present invention has reference to the attachment and adjustment ofthe contact points or electrodes, which, by the greater or less forcewith which they come together and the degree of perfection with whichthe contact between them is maintained, regulate and vary the resistanceof the circuit.

In the wellknown Blake transmitter the outer eleetrodeis carried on theend of a longweighted spring, and the variations of contact-pressure aredue chiefly to the inertia of the weight.

My invention consists in carrying the outer electrode on a short armwhich is itself carried by a torsion-spring, to which the pressurebetween the electrodes is due. In this construction the electrode isbrought so close to the axis of motion that it offers very littleinertia resistance to the efforts of the spring to preserve contactduring the retreating movement of the vibrating diaphragm of theapparatus, while the changesin the pressure of the spring produced by avery small range of motion in theelectrode are so great thatthe-vibrations of the diaphragm under the influence of the sound-waveswill cause a substantial variation in the pressure of the two electrodeson each other at the point of contact. By this contrivance the weightcan be wholly or mostly dispensed with.

In the drawings which form a part of this specification, the figuresshow different views of the framework of the instrument with the\VILLIAM l/V. JACQUES, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THEAMERICAN BELL TELEPHONE COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

TELEPHONE-TRANSMITTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 262,784, dated August15, 1882.

- Application filed January 30, 1882. (No model.)

improved form of contact-spring and adjust- 5o ing appliances.

Figure 1 is an inside or rear view of the frame-work, diaphragm, andvariable-resistance contacts of a telephonic transmitter embodying myinvention. Fig. 2 is a view of the upper edge of the same, and Fig. 3 isa horizontal section of the diaphragm and electrodes through the center.

Upon the usual cast-iron frame, A, is fixed the diaphragm B, looselyheld thereon by the clamp M, and the damping-spring S, insulated fromframe A by rubber ring k. A carbon button, E, is attached in anywell-known mannor to the center of the diaphragm, and by means of thewire 2 forms one of the electrodes of the battery-circuit and one of thecontact-pieces of the variable resistance.

Fastened to the upper and lower edges of the frame A are two blocks ofnon-conducting material, C D, which act as standards for two sockets, toa, which may be made of any convenient metal or alloy, and to which atorsionspring, F, is affixed by means of the small setserewsss. Thetorsion-springF is so mounted that it crosses the diaphragm a shortdistance 7 on one side of the center thereof. It carries a short radialarm or lever, i, of aluminum, platinum, or other metal, which at its endis fur nished with a platinum point, h, which, byits continuous metallicconnection with the wire 1, (which is attached to the uppermost end ofthe socket a,) forms the second or com plementary contact-point of thevariable resistance, and when the instrumentis properly adjusted restswith some degree of initial pressure upon the carbon button E. Thetorsion-spring F is stretched to a suitable degree of tightness andrigidity by the adjusting-screw b, after which the socket a may befastened in the position thus obtained by the set-screw c. The upper 0socket, to, is also, when the torsional adjustment is secured, ashereinafter described, fixed immovably in the standard 0 by a set-screw,c. The requisite torsion is given to the spring F by means of the deviceshown most clearly in 5 Fig. 2. A lever, f, is fastened to the end ofthe metal socket to and its free end placed under the influence of anadjusting-screw, d,

which worksin the upright 0'. By turning the said screw 01 the lever-ispressedinward against the restraining force of the spring g, and thusgives the electrode-carrying spring F the torsion requisite to bring theplatinum point It into the necessary contact with the carbon button E,and the pressure thus obtained may be varied at will by turning thescrew d inward or outward, as may be required.

The torsion-spring F is preferably made of steel of the best quality,and I have obtained good results by using wire about five-thousandths ofan inch in diameter. Yet, although steel is pret'erable, if moreconvenient, it may be made of other metals; and, except for theliability of fracture, a fiber of glass might readily be employed.

1 have ascertained by experiment that conversation transmitted by thisapparatus is of a very loud tone, and its articulation is very distinct.

It will be found convenient to use an induction-coil in connection withthis transmitter in a manner well understood in order to amplify thechanges of strength of the current when used on long circuits; but asneither this appliance northeordi-nary inclosing case forms any part ofmy invention, 1 have not regarded them as necessary features in thedrawings or description of my apparatus.

1 do not confine myself to the precise manner of mounting which isherein shown, as I may modify or alter the same greatly withoutdeparting from the essence of my invention.

Having now described my invention, I

claim- 1. The combination of the diaphragm, the vibrating electrodeoperated thereby, the opposing electrode, and the torsion -springconnected with said opposing electrode, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with thediaphragm and electrode carried thereby, ofa torsion-spring carrying the second electrode, substantially asdescribed.

3. In a contact-telephone, the combination,

'with a diaphragm or vibratory plate carrying WILLIAM W. JAooons.

Witnesses:

J. H. UHEEVER, Gn'o. WILLIS Prnnon.

